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INDONESIA
DIENG TEMPLES COMPOUND
| Criteria |
Requirements
- Heritage |
| Uniqueness and
characteristics of heritage |
The Dieng is situated
in the north-west of Central Java. It is a plateau or valley, about 2000
metres above sea-level, well-known both as an archaeological and a natural
landmark. Its famous sulphurous springs and lake will at an Early date have
marked the barren plateau, surrounded by mountain, as a sacred spot, to
be dedicated to a god of the mountains. Therefore the name of Dieng (Dang
Hyang) is the name of the mountain of God. The Panoramic view and the diversities
of culture in Dieng temples has encourage the government of the Republic
of Indonesia in collaboration with the local government and all stakeholders
to prepare the site of Dieng as the priority site to be nominated list in
the Asean Tourism Heritage Standard
|
| Site Protection
and Conservation |
- Management of Cultural Property in Indonesia is under
the Law number 5, 1992 concerning Item of Cultural Property.
- Governmental Decree Number 10, 1993 concerning
the Implementation of Law Number 5, 1992
- Ministry of Education and Culture Decree Number
062,063,064/U/1995
- The partners in the protection and conservation of
the heritage not only by the government but also in collaboration with
the stakeholders especially the local community, privat organisation
|
| Tourism and site
Management |
Wide variety of stakeholder
from the central, regional and local government participated in research,
conservation, and restoration and promote of the cultural properties of
Dieng Plateau namely:
- The Office of Archaeologlical Heritage Conservation
in Prambanan,Central Java
- The Directorate of Archaeological Heritage
- The Centre of Archaeological Research and Development
- Archaeological Research Office in Yogyakarta
- Board of Education and Culture of the Central Java
Province
- Board of Tourism of the Wonosobo Regency
- Etc
- In all the site there are sign and notice-board plans
showing the layout of the heritage so the visitor can chose his self
to the most important treasures.
- There also some souvenir vendors which lies not far
from the sites so they should not to distract and confused visitors.
|
| Environmental
Management |
Nowadays,
the archaeological site of Dieng plateau is protected under the National
Law and Governmental Decree. Each sites within this area has been protected
by zoning system in which divided into the core zone, buffer zone and development
zone.Conservation management is controlled by the Office of Archaeological
Heritage Conservation in Prambanan, Central Java. In addition to protect
the natural environment there are also the Office of Forestry for preserve
the Wonosobo National park.
|
| Accessibility |
The
location of Dieng Temples compound and each of their site can be access
in many ways both from Jogyakarta and semarang by bus or motor cycle
|
| Support Facilities |
Some
facilities for the traveller already support on site such as hotel, motel,
souvenir vendor, etc.
The Dieng people they have attitude very familiar to the visitor and each
visitor will be welcomed as personally as possible so their visit to the
heritage can enjoynable. In the meantime, sign and notice-board be placed
in the strategic point with the result the visitor can be easily to find
their location.
|
Kampong Naga (Dragon Village)
| Criteria |
Requirements
- Heritage |
| 1. |
Uniqueness and
characteristics of heritage |
Natural Heritage |
| 1.1 |
Significance of ecological
systems and natural habitats.
Kampong Naga is located in the highlands characterized by river, hills and
valleys. Kampong Naga is administratively bordered by Garut-Tasikmalaya
road in the south, Cipalontang Village in the North, Ciwulan river in the
east and Bukit Naga (Dragon Hills) in the west. Ciwulan river and the preserved
forest formed a natural border with other villages.
|
| 1.2 |
Undisturbed environments or
environments demonstrating natural process at work.
Geographically Kampong Naga is located in a fertile valley beside Ciwulan
river with the altitude of 1200 meters above sea level. The climates varied
between 21º-23º Celsius and humidity 75%-85%. The monthly average
rainfalls between 289 mm to 3468 mm this provides Kampong Naga with enough
water supplies all year round
|
| 1.3 |
Existence of rare and unique
species present at the site
There is an endemic type of bamboo trees growing in Kampong Naga that is
called awi tali or rope bamboo. This type of bamboo tree can be transformed
to a strong rope and provide the villagers with materials for housing and
daily lives (weaved bamboos is widely used for household apparels) and also
can be produced as handicrafts for sale.
|
| Cultural Heritage |
| 1.4 |
Significance of the existing
cultural and historical resources.
Kampong Naga is a traditional village that is bonded by traditional values
shown in their rituals, houses, housing lay-out, family bonds, and art forms.
Kampong Naga residence is Sundanese and they strongly believe that Eyang
Singaparna or the grand old man is their ancestor and founder of the village.
Eyang Singaparna also known as Sembah Dalem Singaparna or Eyang Galunggung.
His grave lies in a hill near Kampong Naga and considered sacred by the
native Naga residence (sa-naga).
The chief of Kampong Nagai called Kuncen (the key holder),
he acts as the highest leader helped by a Lebe Naga for marital affairs
and Punduh Naga for external affairs.
Family bonds in Kampong Naga based on bilateral and parental
relationship referring to either father and mother line. They identified
7 levels of generation both upwards and downwards.
Upwards: 1. Kolot/sepuh (parents), 2. Embah/eyang
(grandparents, 3. Buyut (great grandparents), 4. Bao, 5. Jangga wareng,
6. Udeg-udeg, 7. Kait Siwur/gantang siwur.
Downwards: 1. Anak (children), 2.Incu/putu (grandchildren),
3. Buyut (great grandchildren), 4. Bao, 5. Jangga wareng, 6. Udeg-udeg,
7. Gantung siwur/wait.
|
| 1.5 |
Authenticity and integrity
Kampong Naga was built under macrocosmic and microcosmic concepts. This
is shown in their housing arrangement that follows the land contours, river,
vegetations, and sun and wind direction.
The mosque and the assembly house are placed in the center of the village
as a symbol of bonding for every houses in the village
The inhabited areas of Kampong Naga is surrounded by double
bamboo fence of 1.5 meters high called kandang jaga (security cage), which
also functioned as borderline between sacred and profane areas.
|
| 1.6 |
Degree of survival of the archaeological
remains, human values, ways of life, custom, land use, events and living
traditions.
Islam is the only religion in Kampong Naga despite the facts that myths-based
rituals still greatly influence their daily lives. They hold rituals on
Mondays and Thursdays whereas they keep silent and must not talk about history,
belief, custom on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Saturdays. They also carefully
chose a certain good day for traveling, building homes, wedding and other
rituals to avoid bad luck.
Kampong Naga inhabitants earn a living by farming and
grow fish in fish ponds around their village and in the river by building
fish cages.
|
| 2. |
Site protection
and conservation |
| 2.1 |
Existence of management control/measures
to ensure that the site capacity (in terms of resources and facilities)
can absorb tourism activities.
Kampong Naga has its system to control tourists visit by Punduh Naga (deputy
chief for external affairs), and a government body who helps maintaining
the authenticity of Kampong Naga historic heritage.
|
| 2.2 |
Implementation of preventive measures/
management mechanisms to minimize degradation of resources.
Visitors entering Kampong Naga must meet the elderly of the village before
roaming around the village. They will be briefed about the history and the
taboos and restrictions that abide them during their visit. Visitors are
not allowed to enter Kampong Naga on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Saturdays.
|
| 3. |
Tourism and site
management |
| 3.1 |
Appropriate tourism activities compatible
with local heritage, values and character.
Events that can be observed by visitors are Hajat Sasih, Ngikis and Pedaran.
Hajat Sasih is an ancestor-worship ceremony to ask blessings, soundness
and express gratitude to God almighty. It is held by visiting the ancestor
grave (Eyang Singaparna).
Ngikis is a ceremony to replace the fence of Eyang Singaparna's grave.
Pedaran is held once in 8 years to tell and unveil the history and custom
of Kampong Naga, carried out in the Islam month of Maulud on 13-14.
|
| 3.2 |
Involvement of local communities in the
development and the management of the cultural and the natural heritage
site.
Kampong Naga manage its own development in a traditional manner. Government
helps restricted only in terms of preservation and funding.
|
| 3.3 |
Creation of jobs that encourage the use
of local knowledge, skills and traditions.
People of Kampong Naga use their spare time to produce bamboo handicraft,
traditional food, and clothing (hand woven) not only for personal use but
also to be sold as souvenirs.
|
| 3.4 |
The use of appropriate off-site and on-site
interpretive media to educate visitors such as:
- Signage /panel
- Brochure
- Visual/ audio presentation
- Guide book
- Special events
Local and central government helped by the private sector
have provided signage, brochures and other tourism promotion materials to
help develop Kampong Naga as a tourist attraction.
|
| 3.5 |
Availability of well-trained local guides/interpreters
to serve visitors.
Tour guides consist of well-trained tour guide from the private sector and
also native people from Kampong Naga who have reside outside the village
because of the ancestor's rules that limited the number of inhabitants of
Kampong Naga (there is a rule that restricted number of the house and inhabitants).
Together they can provide an insight of the traditional village.
|
| 3.6 |
Introduction of Cades of conduct to educate
visitors on what should or should not do when visiting the site.
|
| 3.7 |
Monitoring program in place to assess tourism
impacts on the site.
|
| 4. |
Environmental management |
4.1 |
Provision of appropriate and sufficient waste management
system.
|
| 4.2 |
Put in place waste water treatment.
|
| 4.3 |
Zoning parking area for the site.
The local government provides a parking area outside the village. Visitors
must walk along a scenic path to reach the village.
|
| 4.4 |
Control and regulate the entry of objects, materials
and vehicles to the site.
Visitors are not allowed to bring their personal music instruments, electronics
and other devices that are not common to the inhabitants and potentially
can disrupt the peaceful nature of the village.
|
| 5. |
Accessibility |
5.1 |
Sufficient infrastructure and facilities to enable
easy and safe access to the site..
Good road connects Kampong Naga with major cities in West Java. From the
capital city Bandung (86 km), Garut (26 km), and Tasikmalaya (30 km). In
fact it is located nearby the main road of Garut-Tasikmalaya.
The local government have also upgrade the originally village path to become
an enjoyable scenic path that connects the village with the parking lot
which lies beside the main road.
|
| 5.2 |
Adequate and clear directional signage to the site.
Signage is available but they need to be added with clear sign in English
language.
|
| 6. |
Support facilities |
6.1 |
Adequacy of facilities such as medical care, F&B
outlets, electricity, water supply, restrooms, communication tolls.
Complete facilities can be found in the nearby city of Garut and Tasikmalaya
and the capital city of West Java (Bandung).
While on-site, visitors can find parking lot, souvenir shop, and accommodation
just outside the village.Kampong Naga itself is restricted from providing
those facilities to keep its original environment.
|
| 6.2 |
Availability of skilled staff, officials/local guards
and other measures to take care of safety and security for visitors.
Kampong Naga has social values that honor guests and together with the
backings from the government, safety and security issues are taken care
of in a proper manner.
|
MOUNT LAWU CULTURAL AND NATURAL LANDSCAPE HERITAGE
| Criteria |
Requirements - Heritage |
| 1. |
Uniqueness and
characteristics of heritage |
Natural Heritage |
| 1.1 |
Significance of ecological
systems and natural habitats.
Mount Lawu preservation area covers a wide variety of tourism attractions.
It is a pilgrimage destination for some people because they believe that
Sunan Lawu (Sunan means the messenger of Islam) died there.
It is also the home of Sarangan lake and Tawangmangu waterfalls, two already
popular tourist destinations.
But the main reason behind the preservation is an archaeological sites lies
at 900 meters above sea level. The unique temples found in mount Lawu is
somehow almost like a miniature of Inca remnants in Peru.
|
| 1.2 |
Undisturbed environments or
environments demonstrating natural process at work.
As a forest reserve Mount Lawu is highly protected by the local and central
government. A memorandum of understanding had been signed by both parties
to ensure that conservation prevails.
Together with a prominent university and some NGOs, the government is planning
to make this area a significant culture preservation program.
|
| 1.3 |
Existence of rare and unique
species present at the site
Mount Lawu has endemic flowers not to be found anywhere else. It is also
the home of some endangered plantations. Local people believe that some
of them possess medical values.
The endangered Javanese Tiger and wild deer is also inhabited the area.
|
| Cultural Heritage |
| 1.4 |
Significance of the existing
cultural and historical resources.
Archaeological remnants in this area are scattered in almost the whole area.
Majapahit Kingdom built these temples in 15th century. They are as follows
: Sukuh temple, Ceto temple, Ketek temple, Planggatan temple, and Petirtaan
Simbatan Wetan.
Some statues also found in these temples. Hindu disciples are regularly
performing their rituals in these temples.
|
| 1.5 |
Authenticity and integrity
The archaeological remnants of Mount Lawu are well integrated with the surroundings.
They were built in terraces to go along with the geographic and geologic
nature of the area. The relief picturing the specific nature of Hinduism
in Indonesia.
|
| 1.6 |
Degree of survival of the archaeological
remains, human values, ways of life, custom, land use, events and living
traditions.
Of all the temples, only two of them have been restored. They are Sukuh
temple and Ceto temple.
They have become the destination of pilgrimage for Hindu disciples in Indonesia
and also a place to perform some cultural performances.
|
| 2. |
Site protection
and conservation |
| 2.1 |
Existence of management control/measures
to ensure that the site capacity (in terms of resources and facilities)
can absorb tourism activities.
Mount Lawu preservation area covers 8 different administrative. They have
sat together to coordinate the development of the area according to their
responsibilities. In the mean time the central government has established
a zoning regulation for the area not only for preservation but also for
tourism purposes.
Some tourist facilities have been built to cater the needs of visitors that
include parking lot, souvenir shop, museum, accommodation etc.
|
| 3. |
Tourism and site
management |
| 3.1 |
Appropriate tourism activities compatible
with local heritage, values and character.
Sukuh temple and Ceto temple have become a pilgrimage destination for Hindu
disciples. And for tourism purposes both temples also used for performing
arts and cultures.
|
| 3.2 |
Involvement of local communities in the
development and the management of the cultural and the natural heritage
site.
The first day of Islam Month Muharram is the time for Grebeg Lawu, a ritual
that regularly performed.
During Indonesia's independence day, a cultural festival is held in the
temples.
The local government of Karanganyar have made and agreement with the local
government of Gianyar Bali which is a Hindu Island to make Ceto temple not
only as a pilgrimage destination but also a cultural destination.
|
| 3.3 |
Creation of jobs that encourage the use
of local knowledge, skills and traditions.
Because the variety of attraction in this area, the government has appointed
and trained some guides both local community and from the private sector
to cater the specific character of the area that covers cultural and natural
attractions.
|
| 3.4 |
The use of appropriate off-site and on-site
interpretative media to educate visitors.
The local government backed by the central government has produced some
promotion materials to promote the area.
They also provide signage to give clear direction for visitors.
|
| 4. |
Environmental management |
4.1 |
Zoning parking area for the site.
Parking lot is available near the area and for visitor without their own
vehicle, they can use public transportation or motorbike rent provided by
the local community.
|
TROWULAN THE ANCIENT CITY OF MAJAPAHIT KINGDOM
| Criteria |
Requirements
- Heritage |
| Uniqueness and
characteristics of heritage |
- Majapahit Is ones of the classical cities in Indonesia
from the period of 13th until 15th Century AD
- The site is located in Trowulan Village, Trowulan
District, Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province.
- Geographically lies on alluvial plain, near the Delta
of Brantas River, and at the foot of Penanggungan Mountain
- The toponim of Majapahit is based on the prose of
Pararaton (the story of Majapahit's Kings) which tell about the bitters
of maja fruit.
- Density of water supply is quite high. Rivers, natural
and artificial dam runs all over the area.
- Majapahit city is one of the older classical city
in Indonesia that can be identified through its archaeological remain,
monuments, canals, and various artifacts from the site
- The remains- spread within the area covering 52 Km
square- founded above ground and excavated and resorted since 1970s/.
- Thousands of artifacts, such as terracotta objects,
coinage, inscriptions, statues, and other are housed in the site museum.
- The Panoramic view and the diversities of culture
in Majapahit city has encourage the government of the Republic of Indonesia
in collaboration with the local government and all stakeholders to prepare
the site of Majapahit city to be nominated as one of ASEAN Tourism Standard
- Ancient city of Majapahit has many significance not
only for study of the past of Indonesia and ancient city in Southeast
Asia but also for tourism promote.
|
| Site Protection
and Conservation |
- Management of Cultural Property in Indonesia is under
the Law number 5, 1992 concerning Item of Cultural Property.
- Governmental Decree Number 10, 1993 concerning the
Implementation of Law Number 5, 1992
- Ministry of Education and Culture Decree Number 062,
063, 064/U/1995
- The partners in the protection and conservation of
the heritage not only by the government but also in collaboration with
the stakeholders especially the local community, private organization
|
| Tourism and site
Management |
Wide variety of stakeholder
from the central, regional and local government participated in research,
conservation, and restoration and promote of the cultural properties of
Majapahit city, namely:
- The Office of Archaeological Heritage Conservation
in Trowulan, East Java
- The Directorate of Archaeological Heritage
- The Centre of Archaeological Research and Development
- The Archaeology Office in Yogyakarta
- Board of Education and Culture of East Java Province
- Board of Tourism of East Java Province
- Board of Tourism of Mojokerto Regency
- Gotra Wilwatikta (the NGOs)
- University of Gajah Mada
- University of Indonesia
- Etc
- In all the site there are sign and notice-board plans
showing the layout of the heritage and museum so the visitor can chose
him self to the most important treasures.
- There also some souvenir vendor which lies not far
from the sites so they should not to distract and confused visitor.
|
| Environmental
Management |
Nowadays,
the archaeological site of Majapahit City is protected under the National
Law and Governmental Decree. Each sites within this area has been protected
by zoning system in which divided into the core zone, buffer zone and development
zone. This System implemented base on Master Plan and Management Plan 1987.
Conservation and Management is Controlled by the Office of Archaeological
Heritage in Trowulan, East Java Province.
|
| Accessibility |
The
location of Majapahit city in Trowulan with their treasure on site each
and other can be access in many ways both from Jogyakarta and Surabaya directly
to the site by bus or motor cycle.
On site there also too traditional transportation we call "Dokar".
|
| Support Facilities |
Some
facilities for the travelers already support on site such as hotel, motel,
souvenir vendor, etc, but the hotel and motel lies in Mojokerto Regency
about 15 Km to the east from Trowulan.
The Trowulan people they have attitude very familiar to the visitor and
each visitor will be welcomed as personally as possible so their visit to
the heritage can enjoyable. In the meantime, sign and notice-board be placed
in the strategic point with the result the visitor can be easily to find
their location.
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